Timeline of Events (1920s – 1950s) – selections
- Early 1920s: Hedda Sterne and the Brauner family already have close ties.
- 1924:
- Ion Vinea publishes “Manifestul activist către tinerime” in Contimporanul advocating to cast aside Art as it has “prostituted” itself.
- Hedda Sterne appears as muse in Victor Brauner’s artistic representation dedicated to her in the 75HP magazine.
- October: Ilarie Voronca, Stephan Roll and Victor Brauner publish the single issue of “75 HP” magazine.
- 1925-1927: Victor Brauner’s first stay in Paris.
- 1928: “unu” magazine is established in April by Sașa Pană and others.
- 1928-1932: Hedda Sterne attends Faculty of Philosophy and Letters at the University of Bucharest, at the same time she attends the Official Salon Exhibitions under the pseudonym “Stern Gigy.”
- 1929: Jules Perahim finishes 5th grade in Bucharest
- 1930:
- Marinetti visits Romania, causing divisions among avangardists.
- Gherasim Luca debuts in “Alge” magazine.
- Jules Perahim interrupts studies with Costin Petrescu and Nicolae Vermont.
- August: Jules Perahim debuts with a drawing in no. 28 of unu magazine.
- September: Jules Perahim publishes Alge magazine along with friends.
- 1930-1935: Victor Brauner’s second stay in Paris.
- 1930-1933: “Alge” magazine publishes and later dissolves, many of its members would later join the Infra-noir group.
- 1931:
- Ilarie Voronca publishes “Incantații” and leaves the “unu” group.
- Hedda Sterne participates at the Official Salon Exhibition.
- 1932:
- Sașa Pană publishes “Denunț” essentially “assassinating” the “unu” publication.
- Hedda Sterne marries.
- Medi Wechsler graduates from the School of Fine Arts in Bucharest.
- April 3: Jules Perahim organizes his first personal exposition which garners mostly praise from his fellow algists, with harsh critique from Ionel Jianu.
- Geo Bogza is accused of pornography, but is acquitted later in the year.
- Publication of the “Muci” Magazine
- „Lăptăria lui Enache Dinu” /„Secolul” (Century) moves to the Elite Brasserie.
- Between 1932 and 1941 the laboratory of surrealist investigation happens.
- 1933:
- Geo Bogza attempts to relaunch the avangarde movement by publishing the first and only publication of “Viața Imediată” in March.
- Jules Perahim is arrested and sentenced for criminal common law activities.
- Gheorghe Dinu publishes “Suprearealism sau falsa avangardă”
- Members of Alge group are arrested for offenses against public decency.
- Following Hitler’s rise to power, the Romanian intelligentsia becomes largely anti-fascist.
- 26 October: „Lăptăria lui Enache Dinu” closes.
- 1934:
- Sesto Pals joins Politehnica.
- Antifascism becomes more precise in intellectual circles.
- Ilarie Voronca dedicates the “Patmos” to Heda and Fr. Stern.
- 1935:
- Victor Brauner returns to Bucharest with a mission to recruit artists for a Romanian branch of the “Association des Écrivains et Artistes Révolutionnaires”.
- Hedda Sterne is mentioned as “living on a knife’s edge.”
- April: Victor Brauner opens a personal exposition at the Mozart Salon.
- October-November: Sașa Pană notices that Victor Brauner seeks to recruit people for his exposition which he projects for the next month.
- November: Sașa Pană visits Victor Brauner in his new home.
- 1935-1938: Victor Brauner lives in Bucharest.
- 1936:
- Alexandru Sahia, Constantin Vâlceanu and Gheorghe Dinu are fired from the Adevarul publication.
- Hedda Sterne opens her first exposition on the 22nd of February at the Mozart Salon.
- January: Jules Perahim has a second personal exposition at the Mozart Salon, with harsh reception from Ionel Jianu.
- Victor Brauner is registered as working to create an association of painters and sculptors.
- February: an Anti-Antagonism magazine created by a group of artists and published at the home of Victor Brauner fails to be created.
- 1937: Geo Bogza dedicates the “Țări de piatră, țări de foc și de pământ” to Hedda and Fritz Stern.
- 1938:
- Victor Brauner returns to Paris.
- The “Grupul Grafic” is active between the years of 1938-1946.
- January: Decree-law regarding the revision of Romanian citizenship is adopted.
- 1940:
- The Statutul Juridic al Evreilor is instated.
- Gellu Naum and Gherasim Luca return to Bucharest.
- 1940-1947: The second recognized wave of surrealism happens, The “Infra-Noir” group.
- 1941:
- Hedda Sterne emigrates to New York.
- Jules Perahim emigrates to the USSR.
- 1942: Hedda Sterne participates in “First Papers of Surrealism” in New York.
- 1944:
- The Avantgarde movement is in full swing.
- Dan Petraşincu publishes in the “Tribuna Poporului” a survey regarding the literary personalities.
- 1945: Gheorghe Dinu becomes an influential editor at the Romanian Liberă publication. Medi Wechsler and Gheorghe Dinu are officially married.
- 1951: Gheorghe Dinu and Jules Perahim fill out registers to record the illegalists in the Republic of Romania.
- 1960s: Attempts were made in Socialist Romania to “recover” the national component selectively, acting with precautions towards the artists who remained in the country or the tragic case of B. Fundoianu killed in Auschwitz.
- 1965: Re-edition of B. Fundoianu’s work in Romanian.
- 1966: Virgil Teodorescu requests for his activity as an illegalist to be examined.
- 1989 Onwards: Increased documentation of avangardes across central and Eastern Europe.
- 1990s-2000s: Processes and efforts to Europeanise Romania lead to the re-examination of avantgarde movements.
- 1999: The Institute for the Research of Romanian and European Avangarde is launched.
- 2000s: The systematic institutional research of the avangarde phenomenon has taken place through the National Museum of Romanian Literature.
- 2002: Death of Sesto Pals. Michael Finkenthal later restitutes his works.
- 2011: The “Destine la răscruce. Artiști evrei în perioada Holocaustului” exhibition and album highlights Jewish artists active in Romania’s antisemitic climate.